Kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev txhawj xeeb. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov txheej txheem casting yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv peev txheej thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog kev txhim kho thiab siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, txheej txheem, khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas txuag hluav taws xob, txo kev siv, siv cov peev txheej loj tshaj plaws, thiab txo qis emissions yuav tsum tau saws. Tsawg-zog- kev noj haus thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau ua ntej, hloov kev tsom mus rau ib puag ncig los ntawm kev kho kom tiv thaiv thiab siv zog ua kom huv.
Txo cov pov tseg emissions, txo qis ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug, siv kev kho cov khib nyiab tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv cov peev txheej tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no raws li kev tsim kho hauv zej zog. Kev txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem casting yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog tus nqi casting, txuag hluav taws xob, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Pib los ntawm kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv castability ntawm ib feem qauv, xaiv molding thiab core - ua txoj kev, kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov txheej txheem casting, thiab tsim lub rooj vag system thiab risers, raws li zoo raws li casting tu txoj kev, tsim nyog thiab advanced casting txheej txheem, khoom, khoom siv, thiab technologies yuav tsum tau saws. Txoj hauv kev no yog txhawm rau txo cov pa phem, tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, txo cov nqi, thiab ua kom ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov casting zoo thaum ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv zej zog thiab nyiaj txiag. Piv txwv li, siv insulating risers rau steel castings tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm 10% -20%, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob poob, txo cov pa phem los ntawm cov txheej txheem melting, thiab txo cov nqi tsim khoom tag nrho.
Xuab zeb casting yog thawj txoj hauv kev tsim cov castings, suav txog 80% -90% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm. Khoom khib nyiab thiab plua plav paug los ntawm cov khoom siv molding ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau ib puag ncig. Kev hais daws cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov siv cov xuab zeb siv tau zoo yog qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig. Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg inorganic binders lossis qis- cov txheej txheem casting yuav tsum tau txais thaum twg los tau. Piv txwv li, lub tshuab nqus tsev- txheej txheem molding kaw nrog cov xuab zeb qhuav kom ploj ua npuas ncauj tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov txheej txheem casting tab sis kuj txo qis cov khoom pov tseg thiab txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig los ntawm cov xuab zeb pov tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim cov txheej txheem casting yuav tsum hais txog kev txuag hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, ntsuab xuab zeb casting siv roj tsawg dua li cov xuab zeb qhuav qhuav, thiab hloov cov xuab zeb qhuav pwm nrog nws tus kheej- ua kom cov xuab zeb pwm los yog siv txias- lub thawv tub ntxhais - ua txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem txuag roj lossis txo hluav taws xob noj.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab ua kom cov neeg ua haujlwm noj qab haus huv, kev tsim cov txheej txheem casting yuav tsum zam, kom ntau li ntau tau, cov txheej txheem uas muaj cov tshuaj lom lossis ua kom muaj plua plav ntau. Ntawm ib sab, tsis yog -kev ua qias tuaj lossis qis- cov txheej txheem ua qias tuaj, nrog rau cov uas tsis yog- lom lossis qis- cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom, yuav tsum tau siv- hloov cov pa phem uas tsis yog- qias neeg, siab - pa phem nrog qis - pa phem, 9} lom nrog lwm yam tsis zoo, { Piv txwv suav nrog kev siv N₂ lossis Ar gas refining es tsis txhob hexachloroethane rau aluminium alloy melting, txais yuav tsis yog{11}} roj toxic-cov xuab zeb tawv tawv, tsis yog - tshuaj lom refining modifiers, thiab dej- cov coatings. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yuav tsum tau kaw thiab automated, cov txheej txheem kev khiav hauj lwm nruj me ntsis raws li, thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau muab. Rau cov pa phem uas twb muaj lawm hauv kev tsim cov casting, cov kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov roj triethylamine hauv qhov txias - lub thawv tub ntxhais - ua cov txheej txheem yog qhov tsim nyog, yuav tsum muaj kev nqus tau zoo, ua kom huv huv, thiab ua raws li cov qauv emission ua ntej tso rau hauv qhov chaw. Cov pa luam yeeb thiab siab - plua plav huab cua tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li kev kho nodularizing, nchuav, shakeout, thiab ntxuav yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si ua ntej emission.
Cov kev xav tau meej yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim kho, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem cov cuab yeej, kev lag luam nplai (tsim peev txheej / tso tawm tus nqi), cov khoom lag luam zoo, kev siv hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb, kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, kev tsim nyog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab kev saib xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm kev lag luam casting, feem ntau cuam tshuam hauv ob yam hauv qab no:
(1) Kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo qis emission
Cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob raws li GB/T 15587-2008 kom txo tau lub zog siv thaum lub sij hawm yaj, txo cov pa phem thiab cov xuab zeb pov tseg, thiab txhim kho cov khoom pov tseg, pov tseg thaum tshav kub kub, thiab cov dej khib nyiab rov qab siv dua. Cov lag luam uas siv cov txheej txheem xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej siv xuab zeb los txhim kho qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov xuab zeb. Cov nqi rov qab siv rau ntau hom xuab zeb yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv hauv qab no: sodium silicate xuab zeb (regenerated) Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 60%, resin tus kheej -cov xuab zeb tawv (regenerated) > 90%, resin self-hardening xuab zeb (regenerated) > 70%, thiab av nplaum xuab zeb ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 95%.
(2) Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig
Kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov tshuab ua kom huv yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau ntau lub qhov cub tawg (xws li cupola thiab hluav taws xob arc rauv) thiab chaw kho mob ua ntej. Induction furnaces yuav tsum tau nruab nrog zoo flue gas emission devices. Cov xuab zeb sib tov, shakeout, thiab tu cov cuab yeej yuav tsum haum nrog cov cua tshuab kom zoo thiab cov chaw tshem tawm plua plav. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si kom zoo ua ntej muab tso rau hauv qhov cub. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob (xws li benzene series, acid pos huab, thiab triethylamine) yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom tsim nyog thiab ua kom zoo thiab ua kom huv. Yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov pa phem ntau npaum li cas, thiab cov pa roj emissions yuav tsum ua raws li lub teb chaws thiab lub zos cov pa phem emission qauv.
